Calcustack

One Rep Max Calculator (1RM)

Estimate your one rep max from a set you've already done, plus a full percentage table for programming your next block.

Units

Estimated 1 rep max

260 lbaveraged across 3 formulas
Epley
263
Brzycki
253
Lombardi
264
In kg
118
% of 1RMWeightTypical reps
100%260 lb1
95%247 lb2
90%234 lb4
85%221 lb6
80%208 lb8
75%195 lb10
70%182 lb12
65%169 lb16
60%156 lb20

Worked examples

How 1RM is calculated

A one rep max (1RM) is the heaviest weight you can lift for a single repetition with good form. You don't have to actually attempt one to know it. Three classic formulas estimate it accurately from any sub-maximal set up to about 8 reps:

  • Epley: 1RM = weight × (1 + reps / 30)
  • Brzycki: 1RM = weight × 36 / (37 − reps)
  • Lombardi: 1RM = weight × reps^0.1

This calculator averages all three for a stable estimate, and gives you a full percentage chart so you can program the next training block directly from the number.

How to use your 1RM

The estimated 1RM is mostly useful as a programming anchor. Most strength programs prescribe work as a percentage of 1RM, for example, "5 × 5 at 80%" or "work up to a heavy single at 92%". The percentage chart on this page does that math for you.

Typical rep ranges by intensity:

  • 95-100%: 1-2 reps (peak strength)
  • 85-90%: 3-5 reps (strength)
  • 75-80%: 6-8 reps (strength + hypertrophy)
  • 65-70%: 10-12 reps (hypertrophy)
  • 50-60%: 15+ reps (endurance)

Worked examples

Example 1. Bench 225 lb × 5 reps. Average estimate: ~262 lb. Programming: 5 × 5 at 80% ≈ 210 lb.

Example 2. Squat 100 kg × 8 reps. Average estimate: ~127 kg. Programming: 4 × 6 at 75% ≈ 95 kg.

Example 3. Deadlift 405 lb × 3 reps. Average estimate: ~441 lb. Programming: heavy single at 92% ≈ 405 lb (so the test set is itself near-max).

Common mistakes

  • Using a set with multiple reps in reserve. The estimate assumes you went near failure.
  • Plugging in 15+ reps. Estimates degrade badly above 8-10 reps.
  • Re-testing every week. 1RM moves slowly. Retest every 6-12 weeks at most.
  • Using touch-and-go reps on deadlift to estimate competition max. Different stimulus, different number.
  • Ignoring form breakdown. A "1RM" with a bent back is not a 1RM, it's a near-miss.

FAQ

Should I actually test my 1RM in the gym?+

Rarely. Estimated maxes from a 3-8 rep set are nearly as accurate, far safer, and don't require a full warm-up build-up. Test in person only if you compete or genuinely need the number.

Which formula is most accurate?+

All three (Epley, Brzycki, Lombardi) are within 2-3% of each other up to about 8 reps. Above 8 reps, accuracy drops fast, we cap input at 12.

Why does the estimate look low compared to my best ever?+

Estimates assume the set was taken close to failure. If you stopped with reps in reserve, the calculator underestimates. Take the set to RPE 9-10 for the best estimate.

How do I use the percentage chart?+

Pick the rep range you want to train in and use the matching percentage. E.g., to do sets of 5, work at around 85% of estimated 1RM.

Can I use this for any lift?+

Works best for compound barbell lifts (squat, bench, deadlift, OHP). Less reliable for isolation movements where form breaks down quickly under load.

What if my reps were really fast?+

Fast reps with reserve in the tank → use a higher estimate. The calculator assumes RPE 8-9. Velocity-based training tools do this more precisely.

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